最新刊期
卷 71 ， 期 3 ， 2025
- “据最新报道，聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯基复合电解质在锂电池固态电解质领域取得研究进展，有望提升固态锂电池性能。”摘要：Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) has demonstrated great potential in solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries due to its high dielectric constant and excellent thermal stability. However, PVDF-HFP-based solid electrolytes suffer from low mechanical strength, poor compatibility with high-voltage cathodes, and low ionic conductivity. The incorporation of fillers to fabricate PVDF-HFP-based composite electrolytes enhances the mechanical properties of the electrolytes, while improving electrochemical stability and optimizing ion transport through interactions with the polymer matrix and lithium salts. This review provided a brief introduction to the lithium-ion conduction mechanism and the types of fillers in PVDF-HFP-based composite electrolytes. It systematically summarized the functional effects and research progress of fillers in suppressing lithium dendrite growth, enhancing electrochemical stability, and increasing ionic conductivity. Furthermore, the current challenges and limitations were reviewed, and future research directions were proposed. This work provides valuable insights into the development of high-performance solid-state lithium batteries and their practical applications.关键词：PVDF-HFP-based composite electrolytes;fillers;suppression of lithium dendrites;electrochemical stability window;ionic conductivity107|53|0更新时间：2025-07-04
- “生物质衍生碳材料作为钾离子电池负极材料，优化电化学性能策略，推动大规模储能应用。”摘要：Biomass-derived carbon materials are considered to have great application prospects as potassium-ion (K-ion) batteries (KIBs) anodes due to the low operating voltage, good cycling stability, wide availability of raw materials and environmental friendliness. However, issues such as the sluggish kinetics of K+ insertion/de-insertion as well as the low initial Coulombic efficiency pose significant obstacles to their practical applications in large-scale energy storage. This work comprehensively summarizes the application of biomass-derived carbon materials as anodes in KIBs, then sorts out the types of biomass precursors, preparation methods, and the potassium storage mechanism of derived carbon. Furthermore, this paper comprehensively discusses optimization strategies for the electrochemical performance of KIBs anode materials, covering structural modification, heteroatom doping, and composite design, and outlines their future development trends.关键词：potassium-ion(K-ion ) batteries (KIBs);anode materials;biomass;carbon material;energy storage;modification strategies59|7|0更新时间：2025-07-04
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Application of Sodium Acetate Trihydrate-Urea Aqueous Deep Eutectic Electrolyte in Supercapacitors AI导读
“在绿色能源领域，研究人员利用深共晶溶剂开发出高性能超级电容器，实现了高电压、低自放电和长循环稳定性。”摘要：Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of novel green reagents composed of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors. This work reports sodium acetate trihydrate-urea (SU) deep eutectic solvent as a sodium-ion energy storage electrolyte and demonstrates the development of a supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performance through the optimization of water content. In SU-7 electrolyte with high ionic conductivity (31.89 mS/cm) and low viscosity (4.88 mPa·s), the supercapacitor achieves a stable operating voltage window of up to 2.1 V, a low self-discharge rate(with a voltage retention rate of 32.79%), superior multiplier performance(from 1 A/g to 5 A/g, with a specific capacitance retention rate of 64.24% and an energy density retention rate of 49.74%), and long-term stability of over 20 000 cycles. This work contributes to expanding the application of SU-representative green aqueous DES electrolytes in high-performance supercapacitors.关键词：deep eutectic solvents;green electrolyte;supercapacitor;electrochemical performance55|19|0更新时间：2025-07-04 -
Preparation and Capacitive Performance of Polyaniline and Porous Carbon Composite Flexible Electrode AI导读
“在能源存储领域，研究人员采用恒电势电沉积法制备了聚苯胺/多孔碳@碳布复合柔性电极，显著增强了电极的倍率性能和循环稳定性，为柔性超级电容器的发展提供了新思路。”摘要：PANI/PC@CC composite flexible electrode was prepared by potentiostatic in-situ electrodeposition of polyaniline/porous carbon (PANI/PC) on the surface of carbon cloth (CC). The effects of preparation conditions on the structure and capacitive performance of PANI/PC@CC were discussed. The results showed that porous carbon could effectively improve the rate capacity and cycle performance of PANI/PC@CC which also exhibited good flexibility. PANI/PC@CC obtained under optimal conditions had a specific capacitance up to 3 042.8 mF/cm2 at 1 mA/cm2, as well as a rate capacity up to 88.0% at 20 mA/cm2, and the capacitance retention was as high as 97.6% after 2 000 charge/discharge cycles at 15 mA/cm2, demonstrating an excellent capacitive property. Finally, PANI/PC@CC-based flexible symmetric supercapacitor also demonstrated an excellent electrochemical performance and flexibility.关键词：flexible electrodes;flexible supercapacitor;polyaniline;porous carbon89|58|0更新时间：2025-07-04 - “最新研究发现，Cr8O21/V2O5复合材料作为高比能量锂一次电池正极材料，性能显著提升。”摘要：In the quest for high-energy lithium primary batteries, Cr8O21 has emerged as a promising cathode material owing to its superior theoretical capacity. A key area of research is focused on improving the electrochemical performance of chromium oxide materials. This study presents the synthesis of Cr8O21/V2O5 composite materials via a high-temperature pyrolysis technique. Notably, the optimal electrochemical performance was achieved with the Cr8O21@15%V2O5-300 composite, derived from a CrO3 precursor with a 15% V2O5 addition, pyrolyzed at 300 ℃. This material demonstrated a remarkable discharge capacity of 389.17 mAh/g at a 0.1 C rate, representing a 10.7% enhancement over pristine Cr8O21. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the integration of V2O5 significantly lowered the charge transfer impedance, thereby enhancing the conductivity of the composite. Comprehensive material characterization indicated that while V2O5 did not alter the crystal structure of Cr8O21, it did induce morphological changes, leading to smaller and more uniformly distributed particles, which in turn significantly boosted the electrochemical performance of the material.关键词：lithium primary battery;cathode materials;chromium vanadium oxide;electrochemical performance50|23|0更新时间：2025-07-04
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Synthesis and Electrochemical Sodium Storage Properties of Nonstoichiometric Na2SO4-
x FeSO4/C Cathode AI导读“在钠离子电池正极材料领域，研究人员采用机械球磨法制备了低结晶度Na2SO4-1.4FeSO4/C复合材料，展现出优异的倍率性能和循环稳定性，为钠离子电池正极材料设计和合成提供了环境友好的新方法。”摘要：Iron-based sulfates are characterized by low-cost and high operating voltage, making them promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries with great application prospects. However, the synthesis of these materials typically involves high-temperature solid-state reactions, which can be energy intensive. In this work, a series of low-crystallinity Na2SO4-xFeSO4/C composite materials were prepared using a mechanical ball-milling method, and the effects of different compositions (x=1.3, 1.4, 1.5, and 2.0) on their structures and electrochemical performance were explored. The results indicated that Na2SO4-1.4FeSO4/C composite exhibited excellent rate performance and outstanding cycling stability, with an initial reversible specific capacity of 100.3 mAh/g, comparable to the materials synthesized via high-temperature solid-state methods. After cycling 1 000 cycles at a current density of 500 mA/g, the capacity retention was 93.5%. Experimental characterization and electrochemical tests showed that low crystallinity Na2SO4-1.4FeSO4/C exhibited high Sodium ion diffusion rate and pseudo-capacitance contribution ratio. This study presents an environmentally friendly new method for the design and synthesis of non-stoichiometric iron-based sulfate materials for sodium-ion batteries through a simple mechanical synthesis approach.关键词：sodium-ion battery;polyanionic materials;mechanical ball milling;low crystallinity60|29|0更新时间：2025-07-04 - “最新研究突破钠金属电池关键技术，开发出高安全、长寿命全氟电解液，为钠电池规模化应用奠定基础。”摘要：High energy density, long cycle life and safety are the key factors affecting the large-scale application of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). Owing that the conventional electrolytes usually contain flammable carbonate solvents and are unstable, a nonflammable all-fluorinated electrolyte was designed. This electrolyte consists of 1 mol/L NaPF6 dissolved in fluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyleth and methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate with a volume rotio of 1∶1∶1. Benefiting from the high oxidation stability and weak solvation ability of the fluorinated solvents, this electrolyte exhibits great oxidative stability over 4.4 V, and promotes the participation of anions in film formation. As a result, a thin and dense fluorinated electrode/electrolyte interphase is constructed on the cathode, which effectively passivates the electrode at high voltage. Layered oxide cathode using this electrolyte delivers a high capacity retention of 73.7% after 300 cycles at 1 C rate. The designed electrolyte efficiently improves the safety and cycling stability of SMBs.关键词：sodium metal battery;fluorinated electrolyte;high voltage;flame retardant;cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI)110|112|0更新时间：2025-07-04
- “在新型电池领域，研究人员采用CuI正极和深共晶电解液组装Zn-CuI电池，实现了四电子转移电极反应，显著提升放电容量。”摘要：Zinc iodine batteries have emerged as a promising battery system due to their cost-effective raw materials. However, there is an immediate need to improve the overall energy density of the battery, which is crucial to its competitiveness. In this study, a CuI cathode is employed alongside an aqueous deep eutectic solvent-based electrolyte formulated using low-cost triethylamine hydrochloride and ZnSO4·7H2O. Electrochemical analysis and XPS spectra reveal that the discharge product of CuI within this electrolyte comprises a mixture of Cu and I-, while the fully charged product consists of Cu2+ and I+, indicative of a four-electron transfer electrode reaction, significantly enhancing the discharge capacity. The assembled Zn-CuI battery demonstrates a notable discharge voltage of 1.7 V and a high discharge specific capacity of 518.1 mAh/g at a current density of 0.2 A/g. Furthermore, at a current density of 3.0 A/g, the battery exhibits an initial discharge specific capacity of 299.3 mAh/g and maintains a discharge specific capacity of 210.1 mAh/g after 200 cycles, showcasing a capacity retention rate of 70.2%.关键词：aqueous zinc-ion battery;deep eutectic solvent (DES);electrolyte;CuI cathode;multi-electron reaction135|239|0更新时间：2025-07-04
- “在电池健康状态估计领域，研究人员提出了一种融合DIoUloss与SimAM的CNN-BiLSTM方法，有效提升锂离子电池SOH估计的准确性和效率。”摘要：To improve the accuracy of estimating the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries and overcome the limitations of existing methods to fully characterize the details of battery decay, this paper proposes a method integrated by distance intersection over union loss (DIoUloss), simple, parameter-free attention module (SimAM) and convolutional neural network-bidirectional long short term memory network (CNN-BiLSTM) for battery SOH estimation. IEA-T features, composed of the incremental energy area (IEA) and charging time (T) of lithium-ion batteries are used for the battery SOH estimation. The DIoUloss function and SimAM mechanism are integrated into the CNN-BiLSTM model to establish the CNN-BiLSTM-SimAM battery SOH estimation model. The cyclic aging experiments of lithium-ion batteries are detected. Compared with other methods such as GRU, SVR, CNN-LSTM, and CNN-BiLSTM, the proposed method can more effectively characterize the details of battery health decline. The coefficient of determination is higher than 0.96, and the maximum root-mean-square error is less than 0.020, showing favorable accuracy and efficiency.关键词：lithium-ion battery;state of health (SOH);convolutional neural network-bidirectional long short-term memory network (CNN-BiLSTM);distance intersection over union loss (DIoUloss) function;simple, parameter-free attention module (SimAM);incremental energy195|44|0更新时间：2025-07-04
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Battery Consistency Charge-Discharge Control Strategy Based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning AI导读
“在电动汽车领域，专家提出了基于多智能体强化学习的电池组一致性充放电控制策略，有效解决了电池组性能下降和安全问题。”摘要：As the core power source of electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries offer excellent performance characteristics such as high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. However, inconsistencies among individual battery cells often lead to degraded overall performance, reduced lifespan, and even safety hazards. To solve the problem of consistent control of battery packs under multi-stage complex charging and discharging conditions, a consistency charging and discharging control strategy based on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is proposed: the second-order RC equivalent circuit model of the battery is constructed to simulate the changes of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack, providing a more realistic dynamic behavior model for the interaction between the agent and the environment; The consistency control problem is modeled through reinforcement learning, with agents corresponding to individual battery cells, the objective function and reward function determined, and a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) model for consistency control of battery packs is constructed. The proximal strategy optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the MARL model and obtain the optimal consistent charge and discharge strategy. The simulation experiment results show that under the six-stage charge and discharge conditions containing 32 battery cells, this strategy can suppress the SOC consistency error within 1% within 35 minutes, achieving precise and efficient consistency control under complex working conditions.关键词：lithium-ion battery;consistency control;multi-agent system;reinforcement learning44|8|0更新时间：2025-07-04 - “最新研究发现，通过提高电解液浓度和温度的强阳极氧化方法处理316型不锈钢，可显著提升其电催化氧析出反应性能，具有工业应用潜力。”摘要：An intensive anodic oxidation method, involving increased electrolyte concentration and temperature, was employed to treat Type 316 stainless steel, and its effects on surface morphology, structure, and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance were investigated. Structural characterization revealed that the surface of 316 stainless steel transformed from smooth and flat to a rough and undulating morphology after treatment. The surface elemental composition showed an increase in Ni content, leading to an enhanced presence of OER-active NiFeOOH species, thereby improving the OER catalytic performance of the material. Electrochemical testing demonstrated that the material achieved a current density of 10 mA/cm² at an overpotential of 320 mV and sustained operation at 500 mA/cm² with a working voltage of 2.15 V for 300 hours. Moreover, the prepared catalyst exhibited excellent recyclability, as the deactivated catalyst could regain its activity through repeated strong anodic oxidation treatment. This method of utilizing stainless steel to prepare OER catalysts is simple to implement, and the resulting catalysts exhibit high activity, good stability, and recyclability, indicating a strong potential for industrial applications.关键词：water electrolysis;electrode reaction;electrolyte;oxygen evolution reaction;intensive anodic oxidation;stainless steel catalyst138|205|0更新时间：2025-07-04
- “在能源转换领域，研究人员开发了一种新型零间隙无膜流动电解池，实现了高纯度氢气和氧气的交替产生，为解耦电解水电极反应提供了切实可行的策略。”摘要：The in-situ grown NiCo(PxSy)/NF bifunctional catalyst was combined with the Zn/Zn2+ redox mediator to assemble a zero-gap membraneless flow electrolyzer, enabling the alternating production of high-purity hydrogen and oxygen (above 99.5%) with stable operation for over 10 hours at a high current density of 100 mA/cm2. The Zn/Zn2+ mediator decouples the water-splitting process and offers cost advantages, while the NiCo(PxSy)/NF exhibits excellent bifunctional catalytic activity. Together, they achieve the separation of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in both process and time. This approach addresses the issue of hydrogen and oxygen mixing and crossover, which can lead to explosions in traditional industrial water electrolysis, providing a practical strategy for decoupling electrode reactions in water electrolysis.关键词：water electrolysis;Zn-mediated membraneless electrolyzer;decoupling;bifunctional catalyst;hydrogen energy;sustainable energy71|59|0更新时间：2025-07-04
- “在电催化领域，研究人员采用氢气泡模板电沉积法制备了Ag-Biy/NF双金属材料，实现了高效脱溴乙酸。”摘要：Bimetallic electrocatalysts Ag-Biy/NF with porous structure were prepared in situ by the electrodeposition with hydrogen bubble as the template. The electrocatalytic activity of Ag-Biy/NF on the debromination of bromoacetic acid was studied. When the deposition time was 6 min, the deposition voltage was 10 V, and the mass ratio of Ag+ to Bi3+ in the electrodeposition liquid was 1∶1, the prepared material exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance: It was found that the degradation rate of 25 mmol/L bromoacetic acid at Ag-Bi1/NF-10-6 at 20 mA/cm2 was up to 100% after a 4.5-hour degradation experiment, and Ag-Bi1/NF-10-6 presented a stable dehalogenation performance in 8 cycles, indicating that the catalyst had an excellent electrocatalytic activity. Especially, for bromoacetic acid with a concentration of up to 133 mmol/L, Ag-Bi1/NF-10-6 also could completely remove bromine within 12 hours, and can be used in a wide range of pH, demonstrating a good industrial application prospect.关键词：AgBi alloy;dehalogenation;electrodeposition;electrocatalysis;hydrogen bubble template49|49|0更新时间：2025-07-04
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